Capsicum annuum, Cayenne, Hot Peppers, Red Peppers, and their infinite variations.
Cayenne, Hot Peppers, Red Peppers, Capsicum annuum. Columbus arrived in the Americas about 7,000 years after indigenous American groups had brought a dizzying array of red peppers of varying degrees of heat under cultivation. The hot principles of peppers are capsaicinoids, of which capsaicin is chief among them. On a one to ten scale bell peppers represent a "0" in hotness, where as habeneros are at 10 on a relative heat scale. Cayenne weighs in at about 7. Columbus failed to find black pepper which he sought in the Americas but introduced native America's best spice to the world.
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